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专业音响工程设计（精华）
前言：
Preface：
专业音响工程要求比较高，设计时需要注意什么呢？本文重点介绍专业音响工程的设计，文章很长，全是精华！
Professional sound engineering requirements are relatively high, what should be paid attention to in the design? This article focuses on the design of professional audio engineering, the article is very long, all is the essence!
一、前言
First, preface
1、专业音响工程的特点
1. Characteristics of professional sound engineering
专业音响工程是随着社会的发展，人们物质文化生活的不断提高，从而形成的对文艺演出、娱乐休闲形式的不断要求而逐渐发展起来的新兴行业。通常所谓的专业音响工程主要是包括专业舞台音响灯光系统、实用音响灯光视频系统、商业广播会议系统等在内的一种系统工。具体在工程技术上，它集建筑、电子、电工技术于一体，是包含了声学、光学、音频、视频等多项理论的一门综合性工程技术。它要求工程商根据用户不同的实际需要，认真研究，全面融入设计者的设计思想，精心设计和施工；同时还要得到建筑装饰、电力供应部门的密切配合才能完成。可见，专业音响工程的意义非常重要，相应地工程技术的重要性也显得十分突出。一个声、光、像效果俱佳的工程，必定是一个技术力量雄厚，管理规范的工程公司认真努力的成果；反之，一个没有经过严格、规范、科学设计施工的工程，它的系统效果和设备稳定性就可想而知了。尤其是现在专业音响工程行业还不太规范，各种公司一哄而上的时候，专业工程技术就尤显匮乏。为了在专业音响工程界营造一个良好的技术氛围，本文从实用工程角度出发，按照实际工程实施的程序，在设计、选型、施工等方面进行细致的讲解，目的就是希望通过一系列的技术介绍，为从事专业音响工程技术工作的技术人员总结出一套规范、合理、科学的设计施工技术重点，同时为正在学习工程技术的人士提供一个很有实用价值的资料。另外，我们还大量结合专业音响工程设计施工的事例和经验，力求使大家在学习中得到更为直观的认识，避免一些类似的错误。希望大家在实际工程中不断总结，能在工程技术上有所收获和提高。
With the development of society and the continuous improvement of people's material and cultural life, professional audio engineering has gradually formed a new industry which has been developing continuously for the performance of literature and art, entertainment and leisure. Usually, the so-called professional audio engineering is mainly a system worker, including professional stage lighting and lighting system, practical audio and video system, commercial broadcasting conference system, etc. In engineering technology, it integrates architectural, electronic and electrical technology. It is a comprehensive engineering technology including many theories such as acoustics, optics, audio and video. It requires the engineering contractor to carefully study and fully integrate the designer's design ideas, carefully design and build according to the different needs of users, and at the same time, have to cooperate closely with the building decoration and power supply department. It can be seen that the significance of professional sound engineering is very important, and the importance of engineering technology is very prominent. A sound and light, like the good effect of the project, there is a strong technical force, standardize the management of the engineering company seriously efforts; on the other hand, without a strict, standardized and scientific design and construction engineering, system effect and stability of equipment it can want to know. Especially now the professional audio engineering industry is still not standardized, various companies YiHongErShang, professional engineering technology is particularly scarce. In order to create a good atmosphere in the professional audio engineering technology, this paper from the practical engineering point of view, in accordance with the actual project implementation process, a detailed explanation in the selection, design, construction and other aspects, the purpose is that through a series of technology introduction, to summarize a set of standard, reasonable and scientific design and construction key technical staff from business professional sound engineering technical work, while providing a valuable information for people studying engineering technology. In addition, we also combine lots of examples and experiences of professional audio engineering design and construction, so that we can get a more intuitive understanding in learning and avoid some similar mistakes. I hope that you will continue to sum up in the actual project, and can gain and improve the engineering technology.
2、专业音响工程的技术术语和相关标准
2. Technical terms and standards of professional audio engineering
学习专业音响工程技术首先必须认识了解有关的技术术语和相关的一些国家及行业标准，只有这样专业的设计和施工才能做到有的放矢，工程的质量才能得到充分的保证。可以进一步讲，所有和工程有关的专业标准和术语是工程工作的基础，是设计施工的依据和参照，是中心。下面就列出一些必须认真学习理解的术语和标准。
To learn professional audio engineering technology, we must first understand the related technical terms and related national and industrial standards. Only in this way, can professional design and construction be targeted, and the quality of the project can be fully guaranteed. It can be further said that all the professional standards and terms related to the engineering are the basis of the engineering work, and the basis and reference of the design and construction, and the center. Here are some terms and standards that must be carefully studied and understood.
声压级：指实际声压和基准声压之比的20 倍对数值，单位是分贝。这是它的数学表达式。它的重要性就在于：所有的音响系统的发声情况，所有的扩声场所的声学质量，都需要有这项指标，在后面的设计计算中它还是一个计算基准。
Sound pressure level: refers to the 20 times the ratio of the actual sound pressure to the reference pressure, and the unit is decibels. This is its mathematical expression. Its importance lies in the fact that all the sound system, the acoustical quality of all the sound amplifying places need to have this index, which is a computing benchmark in the later design calculation.
混响时间：指在一个稳定的声音信号突然中断后，厅堂内的声压级跌落60dB 所需要的时间，单位是秒。它的数学表达式如下。可以发现，混响时间是和建筑装饰的结构和材料密切相关的参数。在实际的工程中，混响时间更是厅堂建筑声学效果的重要考证指标。
Reverberation time: the time required by the sound pressure level in the hall to fall to 60dB after a stable sound signal is abruptly interrupted, the unit is second. Its mathematical expressions are as follows. It is found that the reverberation time is a parameter closely related to the structure and material of the architectural decoration. In practical engineering, reverberation time is an important test index for acoustical effect of hall building.
扩声功率：指达到系统设计的额定扩声声压级时，扩声设备所需的额定功率，单位是瓦。这个参数在实际的音响调控中并不十分重要，但是在音响系统的设计和选型时，它却是声学指标在电声参数上的直接体现，而且它将关系到工程的最终造价，所以也特别重要。
Sound amplifying power: the rated power required for the sound expansion equipment when the rated sound pressure level of the system is rated. The unit is the tile. This parameter is not very important in the actual sound control, but in the design and selection of the sound system, it is a direct reflection of the acoustic indicators on the electro acoustic parameters, and it will also relate to the final cost of the project, so it is also very important.
国标GB-3947，是专业的声学名词术语的解释：国标GB-4959，是厅堂扩声特性的测量方法；GYJ-25，是厅堂扩声系统的声学特性指标。它们是两个重要的国家标准，几乎所有的工程在设计、施工、验收时都需要把它们作为依据；国标GB/T14218-93，是电子调光设备性能参数与测量方法；SJ2112-82，是厅堂扩声系统设备互联的优选电气配接值。这两个标准在设备的选型和工程测试验收中能起到重要的作用。
The national standard GB-3947 is the explanation of professional acoustic terms. The national standard GB-4959 is the measurement method of the hall's sound reinforcement characteristics, and GYJ-25 is the acoustic characteristic index of the hall's sound reinforcement system. They are two important national standards, almost all of the works in the design, construction and acceptance when they need to use them as the basis; the national standard GB/T14218-93, electronic dimming equipment performance parameters and measurement methods; SJ2112-82 is the preferred electrical distribution equipment interconnected by auditorium sound reinforcement system value. These two standards play an important role in the selection of the equipment and the acceptance of the engineering test.
上面我们介绍了几个在工程设计施工中至关重要的有关术语和标准，叙述得比较简单，主要是希望大家依此为参考，借助有关书籍
On the above, we have introduced several key terms and standards in engineering design and construction, which are relatively simple. I hope you can take this as a reference and draw on the books concerned.
对这些术语和标准进行全面的学习，认真分析理解，将它们作为工程技术的基础。
These terms and standards are fully studied, carefully analyzed and understood as the basis for engineering technology.
3、专业音响工程的步骤
3, the steps of professional audio engineering
我们已经对专业音响工程的性质有了粗略的了解，但是具体在实际工作中，专业音响工程是这样进行的呢？既然专业音响工程综合性强，技术要求较高，那么对这个问题的理解就可以对大家更进一步认识专业音响工程这项工作有所帮助，也会对工程技术的重点学习
We have a rough understanding of the nature of the professional sound engineering, but in actual work, is the professional sound engineering done in this way? Since the professional audio engineering is comprehensive and highly technical, understanding this problem can help you further understand the work of professional audio engineering, and also focus on engineering technology.
也会有一个清晰的思路。专业音响工程中最重要的部分是工程设计工作，在确定工程任务的同时，就必须尽快地与相关的
There will be a clear idea. The most important part of the professional sound engineering is the engineering design. In determining the engineering task, it must be related as soon as possible.
Preface：
专业音响工程要求比较高，设计时需要注意什么呢？本文重点介绍专业音响工程的设计，文章很长，全是精华！
Professional sound engineering requirements are relatively high, what should be paid attention to in the design? This article focuses on the design of professional audio engineering, the article is very long, all is the essence!
一、前言
First, preface
1、专业音响工程的特点
1. Characteristics of professional sound engineering
专业音响工程是随着社会的发展，人们物质文化生活的不断提高，从而形成的对文艺演出、娱乐休闲形式的不断要求而逐渐发展起来的新兴行业。通常所谓的专业音响工程主要是包括专业舞台音响灯光系统、实用音响灯光视频系统、商业广播会议系统等在内的一种系统工。具体在工程技术上，它集建筑、电子、电工技术于一体，是包含了声学、光学、音频、视频等多项理论的一门综合性工程技术。它要求工程商根据用户不同的实际需要，认真研究，全面融入设计者的设计思想，精心设计和施工；同时还要得到建筑装饰、电力供应部门的密切配合才能完成。可见，专业音响工程的意义非常重要，相应地工程技术的重要性也显得十分突出。一个声、光、像效果俱佳的工程，必定是一个技术力量雄厚，管理规范的工程公司认真努力的成果；反之，一个没有经过严格、规范、科学设计施工的工程，它的系统效果和设备稳定性就可想而知了。尤其是现在专业音响工程行业还不太规范，各种公司一哄而上的时候，专业工程技术就尤显匮乏。为了在专业音响工程界营造一个良好的技术氛围，本文从实用工程角度出发，按照实际工程实施的程序，在设计、选型、施工等方面进行细致的讲解，目的就是希望通过一系列的技术介绍，为从事专业音响工程技术工作的技术人员总结出一套规范、合理、科学的设计施工技术重点，同时为正在学习工程技术的人士提供一个很有实用价值的资料。另外，我们还大量结合专业音响工程设计施工的事例和经验，力求使大家在学习中得到更为直观的认识，避免一些类似的错误。希望大家在实际工程中不断总结，能在工程技术上有所收获和提高。
With the development of society and the continuous improvement of people's material and cultural life, professional audio engineering has gradually formed a new industry which has been developing continuously for the performance of literature and art, entertainment and leisure. Usually, the so-called professional audio engineering is mainly a system worker, including professional stage lighting and lighting system, practical audio and video system, commercial broadcasting conference system, etc. In engineering technology, it integrates architectural, electronic and electrical technology. It is a comprehensive engineering technology including many theories such as acoustics, optics, audio and video. It requires the engineering contractor to carefully study and fully integrate the designer's design ideas, carefully design and build according to the different needs of users, and at the same time, have to cooperate closely with the building decoration and power supply department. It can be seen that the significance of professional sound engineering is very important, and the importance of engineering technology is very prominent. A sound and light, like the good effect of the project, there is a strong technical force, standardize the management of the engineering company seriously efforts; on the other hand, without a strict, standardized and scientific design and construction engineering, system effect and stability of equipment it can want to know. Especially now the professional audio engineering industry is still not standardized, various companies YiHongErShang, professional engineering technology is particularly scarce. In order to create a good atmosphere in the professional audio engineering technology, this paper from the practical engineering point of view, in accordance with the actual project implementation process, a detailed explanation in the selection, design, construction and other aspects, the purpose is that through a series of technology introduction, to summarize a set of standard, reasonable and scientific design and construction key technical staff from business professional sound engineering technical work, while providing a valuable information for people studying engineering technology. In addition, we also combine lots of examples and experiences of professional audio engineering design and construction, so that we can get a more intuitive understanding in learning and avoid some similar mistakes. I hope that you will continue to sum up in the actual project, and can gain and improve the engineering technology.
2、专业音响工程的技术术语和相关标准
2. Technical terms and standards of professional audio engineering
学习专业音响工程技术首先必须认识了解有关的技术术语和相关的一些国家及行业标准，只有这样专业的设计和施工才能做到有的放矢，工程的质量才能得到充分的保证。可以进一步讲，所有和工程有关的专业标准和术语是工程工作的基础，是设计施工的依据和参照，是中心。下面就列出一些必须认真学习理解的术语和标准。
To learn professional audio engineering technology, we must first understand the related technical terms and related national and industrial standards. Only in this way, can professional design and construction be targeted, and the quality of the project can be fully guaranteed. It can be further said that all the professional standards and terms related to the engineering are the basis of the engineering work, and the basis and reference of the design and construction, and the center. Here are some terms and standards that must be carefully studied and understood.
声压级：指实际声压和基准声压之比的20 倍对数值，单位是分贝。这是它的数学表达式。它的重要性就在于：所有的音响系统的发声情况，所有的扩声场所的声学质量，都需要有这项指标，在后面的设计计算中它还是一个计算基准。
Sound pressure level: refers to the 20 times the ratio of the actual sound pressure to the reference pressure, and the unit is decibels. This is its mathematical expression. Its importance lies in the fact that all the sound system, the acoustical quality of all the sound amplifying places need to have this index, which is a computing benchmark in the later design calculation.
混响时间：指在一个稳定的声音信号突然中断后，厅堂内的声压级跌落60dB 所需要的时间，单位是秒。它的数学表达式如下。可以发现，混响时间是和建筑装饰的结构和材料密切相关的参数。在实际的工程中，混响时间更是厅堂建筑声学效果的重要考证指标。
Reverberation time: the time required by the sound pressure level in the hall to fall to 60dB after a stable sound signal is abruptly interrupted, the unit is second. Its mathematical expressions are as follows. It is found that the reverberation time is a parameter closely related to the structure and material of the architectural decoration. In practical engineering, reverberation time is an important test index for acoustical effect of hall building.
扩声功率：指达到系统设计的额定扩声声压级时，扩声设备所需的额定功率，单位是瓦。这个参数在实际的音响调控中并不十分重要，但是在音响系统的设计和选型时，它却是声学指标在电声参数上的直接体现，而且它将关系到工程的最终造价，所以也特别重要。
Sound amplifying power: the rated power required for the sound expansion equipment when the rated sound pressure level of the system is rated. The unit is the tile. This parameter is not very important in the actual sound control, but in the design and selection of the sound system, it is a direct reflection of the acoustic indicators on the electro acoustic parameters, and it will also relate to the final cost of the project, so it is also very important.
国标GB-3947，是专业的声学名词术语的解释：国标GB-4959，是厅堂扩声特性的测量方法；GYJ-25，是厅堂扩声系统的声学特性指标。它们是两个重要的国家标准，几乎所有的工程在设计、施工、验收时都需要把它们作为依据；国标GB/T14218-93，是电子调光设备性能参数与测量方法；SJ2112-82，是厅堂扩声系统设备互联的优选电气配接值。这两个标准在设备的选型和工程测试验收中能起到重要的作用。
The national standard GB-3947 is the explanation of professional acoustic terms. The national standard GB-4959 is the measurement method of the hall's sound reinforcement characteristics, and GYJ-25 is the acoustic characteristic index of the hall's sound reinforcement system. They are two important national standards, almost all of the works in the design, construction and acceptance when they need to use them as the basis; the national standard GB/T14218-93, electronic dimming equipment performance parameters and measurement methods; SJ2112-82 is the preferred electrical distribution equipment interconnected by auditorium sound reinforcement system value. These two standards play an important role in the selection of the equipment and the acceptance of the engineering test.
上面我们介绍了几个在工程设计施工中至关重要的有关术语和标准，叙述得比较简单，主要是希望大家依此为参考，借助有关书籍
On the above, we have introduced several key terms and standards in engineering design and construction, which are relatively simple. I hope you can take this as a reference and draw on the books concerned.
对这些术语和标准进行全面的学习，认真分析理解，将它们作为工程技术的基础。
These terms and standards are fully studied, carefully analyzed and understood as the basis for engineering technology.
3、专业音响工程的步骤
3, the steps of professional audio engineering
我们已经对专业音响工程的性质有了粗略的了解，但是具体在实际工作中，专业音响工程是这样进行的呢？既然专业音响工程综合性强，技术要求较高，那么对这个问题的理解就可以对大家更进一步认识专业音响工程这项工作有所帮助，也会对工程技术的重点学习
We have a rough understanding of the nature of the professional sound engineering, but in actual work, is the professional sound engineering done in this way? Since the professional audio engineering is comprehensive and highly technical, understanding this problem can help you further understand the work of professional audio engineering, and also focus on engineering technology.
也会有一个清晰的思路。专业音响工程中最重要的部分是工程设计工作，在确定工程任务的同时，就必须尽快地与相关的
There will be a clear idea. The most important part of the professional sound engineering is the engineering design. In determining the engineering task, it must be related as soon as possible.
